Tb is transmitted by air, through respiratory secretions emitted into the air by a contagious individual, for example by saliva, sneezaing or coughing. People in the vicinity can inhale the bacteria and become infected. However, the transmission of the virus is not that easy (several factors must occur at the same time).
 

People at high risk of developing active tubercular disease include:

1 - HIV-positive people. They have a 20-30 times higher risk of getting Tb if infected. Tb is the leading cause of death among people with HIV.

2 - people suffering from other conditions that weaken the immune system (e.g. diabetes, malnutrition)

3 - people with recent infection (<2 years)

-infants and children <5 years of age

4 - people who use tobacco or drugs

5 - old people.

​

Tb is a treatable disease and between 2000 and 2017 it is estimated that the diagnosis and treatment of Tb saved about 54 million lives. Pharmacological treatment is based on the use of different antibiotics over a fairly long period of time.
In order to significantly reduce the incidence of this disease in the world, in 2001 the global alliance Stop Tb was born, a network of over 1700 international organizations, countries and public and private associations coordinated by the WHO, which launched over the years 4 Global Plans to End TB (Global Plan to End TB 2001-2005; 2006-2015; 2011-2015; 2016-2020) has set as an objective to eliminate the Tb epidemic in the world by 2030, as also expressed in the UN Sustainable Development Goals.